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1/*
2 This file is part of GNUnet.
3 (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Christian Grothoff (and other contributing authors)
4
5 GNUnet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
7 by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your
8 option) any later version.
9
10 GNUnet is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
11 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
13 General Public License for more details.
14
15 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 along with GNUnet; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the
17 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
18 Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
19*/
20
21/**
22 * @file include/gnunet_crypto_lib.h
23 * @brief cryptographic primitives for GNUnet
24 *
25 * @author Christian Grothoff
26 * @author Krista Bennett
27 * @author Gerd Knorr <kraxel@bytesex.org>
28 * @author Ioana Patrascu
29 * @author Tzvetan Horozov
30 */
31
32#ifndef GNUNET_CRYPTO_LIB_H
33#define GNUNET_CRYPTO_LIB_H
34
35#ifdef __cplusplus
36extern "C"
37{
38#if 0 /* keep Emacsens' auto-indent happy */
39}
40#endif
41#endif
42
43#include "gnunet_common.h"
44#include "gnunet_scheduler_lib.h"
45
46
47enum GNUNET_CRYPTO_Quality
48{
49 GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
50 GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_STRONG
51};
52
53
54/**
55 * @brief length of the sessionkey in bytes (256 BIT sessionkey)
56 */
57#define GNUNET_CRYPTO_AES_KEY_LENGTH (256/8)
58
59
60/**
61 * @brief Length of RSA encrypted data (2048 bit)
62 *
63 * We currently do not handle encryption of data
64 * that can not be done in a single call to the
65 * RSA methods (read: large chunks of data).
66 * We should never need that, as we can use
67 * the GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash for larger pieces of data for signing,
68 * and for encryption, we only need to encode sessionkeys!
69 */
70#define GNUNET_CRYPTO_RSA_DATA_ENCODING_LENGTH 256
71
72
73/**
74 * Length of an RSA KEY (d,e,len), 2048 bit (=256 octests) key d, 2 byte e
75 */
76#define GNUNET_CRYPTO_RSA_KEY_LENGTH 258
77
78
79/**
80 * The private information of an RSA key pair.
81 */
82struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaPrivateKey;
83
84
85/**
86 * @brief 0-terminated ASCII encoding of a GNUNET_HashCode.
87 */
88struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_HashAsciiEncoded
89{
90 unsigned char encoding[104];
91};
92
93
94
95/**
96 * @brief an RSA signature
97 */
98struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaSignature
99{
100 unsigned char sig[GNUNET_CRYPTO_RSA_DATA_ENCODING_LENGTH];
101};
102
103
104/**
105 * @brief header of what an RSA signature signs
106 * this must be followed by "size - 8" bytes of
107 * the actual signed data
108 */
109struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaSignaturePurpose
110{
111 /**
112 * How many bytes does this signature sign?
113 * (including this purpose header); in network
114 * byte order (!).
115 */
116 uint32_t size GNUNET_PACKED;
117
118 /**
119 * What does this signature vouch for? This
120 * must contain a GNUNET_SIGNATURE_PURPOSE_XXX
121 * constant (from gnunet_signatures.h). In
122 * network byte order!
123 */
124 uint32_t purpose GNUNET_PACKED;
125
126};
127
128
129/**
130 * @brief A public key.
131 */
132struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaPublicKeyBinaryEncoded
133{
134 /**
135 * In big-endian, must be GNUNET_CRYPTO_RSA_KEY_LENGTH+4
136 */
137 uint16_t len GNUNET_PACKED;
138
139 /**
140 * Size of n in key; in big-endian!
141 */
142 uint16_t sizen GNUNET_PACKED;
143
144 /**
145 * The key itself, contains n followed by e.
146 */
147 unsigned char key[GNUNET_CRYPTO_RSA_KEY_LENGTH];
148
149 /**
150 * Padding (must be 0)
151 */
152 uint16_t padding GNUNET_PACKED;
153};
154
155
156/**
157 * RSA Encrypted data.
158 */
159struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaEncryptedData
160{
161 unsigned char encoding[GNUNET_CRYPTO_RSA_DATA_ENCODING_LENGTH];
162};
163
164
165/**
166 * @brief type for session keys
167 */
168struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_AesSessionKey
169{
170 /**
171 * Actual key.
172 */
173 unsigned char key[GNUNET_CRYPTO_AES_KEY_LENGTH];
174
175 /**
176 * checksum!
177 */
178 uint32_t crc32 GNUNET_PACKED;
179};
180
181
182/**
183 * @brief IV for sym cipher
184 *
185 * NOTE: must be smaller (!) in size than the
186 * GNUNET_HashCode.
187 */
188struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_AesInitializationVector
189{
190 unsigned char iv[GNUNET_CRYPTO_AES_KEY_LENGTH / 2];
191};
192
193
194/* **************** Functions and Macros ************* */
195
196
197/**
198 * Compute the CRC32 checksum for the first len
199 * bytes of the buffer.
200 *
201 * @param buf the data over which we're taking the CRC
202 * @param len the length of the buffer in bytes
203 * @return the resulting CRC32 checksum
204 */
205int GNUNET_CRYPTO_crc32_n (const void *buf, unsigned int len);
206
207
208/**
209 * Produce a random value.
210 *
211 * @param i the upper limit (exclusive) for the random number
212 * @return a random value in the interval [0,i[.
213 */
214unsigned int GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u32 (enum GNUNET_CRYPTO_Quality,
215 unsigned int i);
216
217
218/**
219 * Random on unsigned 64-bit values. We break them down into signed
220 * 32-bit values and reassemble the 64-bit random value bit-wise.
221 */
222unsigned long long GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u64 (enum GNUNET_CRYPTO_Quality mode,
223 unsigned long long u);
224
225
226/**
227 * Get an array with a random permutation of the
228 * numbers 0...n-1.
229 * @param mode GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_STRONG if the strong (but expensive) PRNG should be used, GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK otherwise
230 * @param n the size of the array
231 * @return the permutation array (allocated from heap)
232 */
233unsigned int *GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_permute (enum GNUNET_CRYPTO_Quality mode,
234 unsigned int n);
235
236
237/**
238 * Create a new Session key.
239 */
240void GNUNET_CRYPTO_aes_create_session_key (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_AesSessionKey
241 *key);
242
243
244/**
245 * Check that a new session key is well-formed.
246 *
247 * @return GNUNET_OK if the key is valid
248 */
249int GNUNET_CRYPTO_aes_check_session_key (const struct
250 GNUNET_CRYPTO_AesSessionKey *key);
251
252
253/**
254 * Encrypt a block with the public key of another
255 * host that uses the same cyper.
256 *
257 * @param block the block to encrypt
258 * @param len the size of the block
259 * @param sessionkey the key used to encrypt
260 * @param iv the initialization vector to use, use INITVALUE
261 * for streams.
262 * @returns the size of the encrypted block, -1 for errors
263 */
264int GNUNET_CRYPTO_aes_encrypt (const void *block,
265 uint16_t len,
266 const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_AesSessionKey
267 *sessionkey,
268 const struct
269 GNUNET_CRYPTO_AesInitializationVector *iv,
270 void *result);
271
272
273/**
274 * Decrypt a given block with the sessionkey.
275 *
276 * @param sessionkey the key used to decrypt
277 * @param block the data to decrypt, encoded as returned by encrypt
278 * @param size how big is the block?
279 * @param iv the initialization vector to use
280 * @param result address to store the result at
281 * @return -1 on failure, size of decrypted block on success
282 */
283int GNUNET_CRYPTO_aes_decrypt (const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_AesSessionKey
284 *sessionkey, const void *block, uint16_t size,
285 const struct
286 GNUNET_CRYPTO_AesInitializationVector *iv,
287 void *result);
288
289
290/**
291 * Convert GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash to ASCII encoding.
292 * @param block the GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash code
293 * @param result where to store the encoding (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_HashAsciiEncoded can be
294 * safely cast to char*, a '\0' termination is set).
295 */
296void GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_to_enc (const GNUNET_HashCode * block,
297 struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_HashAsciiEncoded
298 *result);
299
300
301/**
302 * Convert ASCII encoding back to GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash
303 * @param enc the encoding
304 * @param result where to store the GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash code
305 * @return GNUNET_OK on success, GNUNET_SYSERR if result has the wrong encoding
306 */
307int GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_from_string (const char *enc,
308 GNUNET_HashCode * result);
309
310
311/**
312 * Compute the distance between 2 hashcodes.
313 * The computation must be fast, not involve
314 * a.a or a.e (they're used elsewhere), and
315 * be somewhat consistent. And of course, the
316 * result should be a positive number.
317 * @return number between 0 and 65536
318 */
319unsigned int GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_distance_u32 (const GNUNET_HashCode * a,
320 const GNUNET_HashCode * b);
321
322
323/**
324 * Hash block of given size.
325 * @param block the data to GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash, length is given as a second argument
326 * @param ret pointer to where to write the hashcode
327 */
328void GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash (const void *block, unsigned int size,
329 GNUNET_HashCode * ret);
330
331
332/**
333 * Function called once the hash computation over the
334 * specified file has completed.
335 *
336 * @param cls closure
337 * @param res resulting hash, NULL on error
338 */
339typedef void (*GNUNET_CRYPTO_HashCompletedCallback) (void *cls,
340 const GNUNET_HashCode *
341 res);
342
343
344/**
345 * Compute the hash of an entire file.
346 *
347 * @param sched scheduler to use
348 * @param priority scheduling priority to use
349 * @param run_on_shutdown should we complete even on shutdown?
350 * @param filename name of file to hash
351 * @param blocksize number of bytes to process in one task
352 * @param callback function to call upon completion
353 * @param callback_cls closure for callback
354 */
355void GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_file (struct GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Handle *sched,
356 enum GNUNET_SCHEDULER_Priority priority,
357 int run_on_shutdown,
358 const char *filename,
359 size_t blocksize,
360 GNUNET_CRYPTO_HashCompletedCallback callback,
361 void *callback_cls);
362
363
364/**
365 * Create a random hash code.
366 */
367void GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_create_random (GNUNET_HashCode * result);
368
369
370/**
371 * compute result(delta) = b - a
372 */
373void GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_difference (const GNUNET_HashCode * a,
374 const GNUNET_HashCode * b,
375 GNUNET_HashCode * result);
376
377
378/**
379 * compute result(b) = a + delta
380 */
381void GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_sum (const GNUNET_HashCode * a,
382 const GNUNET_HashCode * delta,
383 GNUNET_HashCode * result);
384
385
386/**
387 * compute result = a ^ b
388 */
389void GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_xor (const GNUNET_HashCode * a,
390 const GNUNET_HashCode * b,
391 GNUNET_HashCode * result);
392
393
394/**
395 * Convert a hashcode into a key.
396 */
397void GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_to_AES_key (const GNUNET_HashCode * hc,
398 struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_AesSessionKey *skey,
399 struct
400 GNUNET_CRYPTO_AesInitializationVector
401 *iv);
402
403
404/**
405 * Obtain a bit from a hashcode.
406 * @param code the GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash to index bit-wise
407 * @param bit index into the hashcode, [0...159]
408 * @return Bit \a bit from hashcode \a code, -1 for invalid index
409 */
410int GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_get_bit (const GNUNET_HashCode * code,
411 unsigned int bit);
412
413
414/**
415 * Compare function for HashCodes, producing a total ordering
416 * of all hashcodes.
417 * @return 1 if h1 > h2, -1 if h1 < h2 and 0 if h1 == h2.
418 */
419int GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_cmp (const GNUNET_HashCode * h1,
420 const GNUNET_HashCode * h2);
421
422
423/**
424 * Find out which of the two GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash codes is closer to target
425 * in the XOR metric (Kademlia).
426 * @return -1 if h1 is closer, 1 if h2 is closer and 0 if h1==h2.
427 */
428int GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_xorcmp (const GNUNET_HashCode * h1,
429 const GNUNET_HashCode * h2,
430 const GNUNET_HashCode * target);
431
432
433/**
434 * Create a new private key. Caller must free return value.
435 */
436struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaPrivateKey *GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_key_create (void);
437
438
439/**
440 * Create a new private key by reading it from a file. If the
441 * files does not exist, create a new key and write it to the
442 * file. Caller must free return value. Note that this function
443 * can not guarantee that another process might not be trying
444 * the same operation on the same file at the same time. The
445 * caller must somehow know that the file either already exists
446 * with a valid key OR be sure that no other process is calling
447 * this function at the same time. If the contents of the file
448 * are invalid the old file is deleted and a fresh key is
449 * created.
450 *
451 * @return new private key, NULL on error (for example,
452 * permission denied)
453 */
454struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaPrivateKey
455 *GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_key_create_from_file (const char *filename);
456
457
458/**
459 * Deterministically (!) create a private key using only the
460 * given HashCode as input to the PRNG.
461 */
462struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaPrivateKey
463 *GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_key_create_from_hash (const GNUNET_HashCode * input);
464
465
466/**
467 * Free memory occupied by the private key.
468 * @param hostkey pointer to the memory to free
469 */
470void GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_key_free (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaPrivateKey *hostkey);
471
472
473/**
474 * Extract the public key of the host.
475 * @param result where to write the result.
476 */
477void GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_key_get_public (const struct
478 GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaPrivateKey *hostkey,
479 struct
480 GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaPublicKeyBinaryEncoded
481 *result);
482
483
484/**
485 * Encrypt a block with the public key of another host that uses the
486 * same cyper.
487 *
488 * @param block the block to encrypt
489 * @param size the size of block
490 * @param publicKey the encoded public key used to encrypt
491 * @param target where to store the encrypted block
492 * @returns GNUNET_SYSERR on error, GNUNET_OK if ok
493 */
494int GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_encrypt (const void *block,
495 uint16_t size,
496 const struct
497 GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaPublicKeyBinaryEncoded
498 *publicKey,
499 struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaEncryptedData *target);
500
501
502/**
503 * Decrypt a given block with the hostkey.
504 *
505 * @param key the key to use
506 * @param block the data to decrypt, encoded as returned by encrypt, not consumed
507 * @param result pointer to a location where the result can be stored
508 * @param size how many bytes of a result are expected? Must be exact.
509 * @returns the size of the decrypted block (that is, size) or -1 on error
510 */
511int GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_decrypt (const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaPrivateKey *key,
512 const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaEncryptedData
513 *block, void *result, uint16_t size);
514
515
516/**
517 * Sign a given block.
518 *
519 * @param key private key to use for the signing
520 * @param purpose what to sign (size, purpose)
521 * @param result where to write the signature
522 * @return GNUNET_SYSERR on error, GNUNET_OK on success
523 */
524int GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_sign (const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaPrivateKey *key,
525 const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaSignaturePurpose
526 *purpose,
527 struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaSignature *result);
528
529
530/**
531 * Verify signature. Note that the caller MUST have already
532 * checked that "validate->size" bytes are actually available.
533 *
534 * @param purpose what is the purpose that validate should have?
535 * @param validate block to validate (size, purpose, data)
536 * @param sig signature that is being validated
537 * @param publicKey public key of the signer
538 * @returns GNUNET_OK if ok, GNUNET_SYSERR if invalid
539 */
540int GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_verify (uint32_t purpose,
541 const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaSignaturePurpose
542 *validate,
543 const struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaSignature *sig,
544 const struct
545 GNUNET_CRYPTO_RsaPublicKeyBinaryEncoded
546 *publicKey);
547
548
549
550/**
551 * This function should only be called in testcases
552 * where strong entropy gathering is not desired
553 * (for example, for hostkey generation).
554 */
555void GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_disable_entropy_gathering (void);
556
557#if 0 /* keep Emacsens' auto-indent happy */
558{
559#endif
560#ifdef __cplusplus
561}
562#endif
563
564
565/* ifndef GNUNET_CRYPTO_LIB_H */
566#endif
567/* end of gnunet_crypto_lib.h */