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1@c The GNU General Public License.
2@center Version 2, June 1991
3
4@c This file is intended to be included within another document,
5@c hence no sectioning command or @node.
6
7@display
8Copyright @copyright{} 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
951 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
10
11Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
12of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
13@end display
14
15@heading Preamble
16
17 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
18freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
19License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
20software---to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
21General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
22Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
23using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
24the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
25your programs, too.
26
27 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
28price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
29have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
30this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
31if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
32in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
33
34 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
35anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
36These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
37distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
38
39 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
40gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
41you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
42source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
43rights.
44
45 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
46(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
47distribute and/or modify the software.
48
49 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
50that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
51software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
52want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
53that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
54authors' reputations.
55
56 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
57patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
58program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
59program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
60patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
61
62 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
63modification follow.
64
65@heading TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
66
67@enumerate 0
68@item
69This License applies to any program or other work which contains
70a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
71under the terms of this General Public License. The ``Program'', below,
72refers to any such program or work, and a ``work based on the Program''
73means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
74that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
75either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
76language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
77the term ``modification''.) Each licensee is addressed as ``you''.
78
79Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
80covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
81running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
82is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
83Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
84Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
85
86@item
87You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
88source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
89conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
90copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
91notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
92and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
93along with the Program.
94
95You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
96you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
97
98@item
99You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
100of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
101distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
102above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
103
104@enumerate a
105@item
106You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
107stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
108
109@item
110You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
111whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
112part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
113parties under the terms of this License.
114
115@item
116If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
117when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
118interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
119announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
120notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
121a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
122these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
123License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
124does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
125the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
126@end enumerate
127
128These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
129identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
130and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
131themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
132sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
133distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
134on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
135this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
136entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
137
138Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
139your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
140exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
141collective works based on the Program.
142
143In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
144with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
145a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
146the scope of this License.
147
148@item
149You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
150under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
151Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
152
153@enumerate a
154@item
155Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
156source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
1571 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
158
159@item
160Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
161years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
162cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
163machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
164distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
165customarily used for software interchange; or,
166
167@item
168Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
169to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
170allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
171received the program in object code or executable form with such
172an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
173@end enumerate
174
175The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
176making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
177code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
178associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
179control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
180special exception, the source code distributed need not include
181anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
182form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
183operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
184itself accompanies the executable.
185
186If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
187access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
188access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
189distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
190compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
191
192@item
193You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
194except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
195otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
196void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
197However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
198this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
199parties remain in full compliance.
200
201@item
202You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
203signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
204distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
205prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
206modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
207Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
208all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
209the Program or works based on it.
210
211@item
212Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
213Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
214original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
215these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
216restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
217You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
218this License.
219
220@item
221If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
222infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
223conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
224otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
225excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
226distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
227License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
228may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
229license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
230all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
231the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
232refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
233
234If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
235any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
236apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
237circumstances.
238
239It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
240patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
241such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
242integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
243implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
244generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
245through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
246system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
247to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
248impose that choice.
249
250This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
251be a consequence of the rest of this License.
252
253@item
254If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
255certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
256original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
257may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
258those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
259countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
260the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
261
262@item
263The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
264of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
265be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
266address new problems or concerns.
267
268Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
269specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and ``any
270later version'', you have the option of following the terms and conditions
271either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
272Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
273this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
274Foundation.
275
276@item
277If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
278programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
279to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
280Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
281make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
282of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
283of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
284
285@iftex
286@heading NO WARRANTY
287@end iftex
288@ifinfo
289@center NO WARRANTY
290
291@end ifinfo
292
293@item
294BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
295FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
296OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
297PROVIDE THE PROGRAM ``AS IS'' WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
298OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
299MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
300TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
301PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
302REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
303
304@item
305IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
306WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
307REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
308INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
309OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
310TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
311YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
312PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
313POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
314@end enumerate
315
316@iftex
317@heading END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
318@end iftex
319@ifinfo
320@center END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
321
322@end ifinfo
323
324@page
325@heading Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
326
327 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
328possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
329free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
330
331 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
332to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
333convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
334the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
335
336@smallexample
337@var{one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.}
338Copyright (C) @var{yyyy} @var{name of author}
339
340This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
341it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
342the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
343(at your option) any later version.
344
345This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
346but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
347MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
348GNU General Public License for more details.
349
350You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
351along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
352Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
353@end smallexample
354
355Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
356
357If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
358when it starts in an interactive mode:
359
360@smallexample
361Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{name of author}
362Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
363This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
364under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
365@end smallexample
366
367The hypothetical commands @samp{show w} and @samp{show c} should show
368the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the
369commands you use may be called something other than @samp{show w} and
370@samp{show c}; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items---whatever
371suits your program.
372
373You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
374school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if
375necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
376
377@example
378Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
379`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
380
381@var{signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1989
382Ty Coon, President of Vice
383@end example
384
385This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
386proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
387consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
388library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
389Public License instead of this License.