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|
/*
This file is part of libmicrohttpd
(C) 2013 Christian Grothoff (and other contributing authors)
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*/
/**
* @file demo.c
* @brief complex demonstration site: create directory index, offer
* upload via form and HTTP POST, download with mime type detection
* and error reporting (403, etc.) --- and all of this with
* high-performance settings (large buffers, thread pool).
* If you want to benchmark MHD, this code should be used to
* run tests against. Note that the number of threads may need
* to be adjusted depending on the number of available cores.
* @author Christian Grothoff
*/
#include "platform.h"
#include <microhttpd.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <magic.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <ctype.h>
/**
* Number of threads to run in the thread pool. Should (roughly) match
* the number of cores on your system.
*/
#define NUMBER_OF_THREADS 8
/**
* How many bytes of a file do we give to libmagic to determine the mime type?
* 16k might be a bit excessive, but ought not hurt performance much anyway,
* and should definitively be on the safe side.
*/
#define MAGIC_HEADER_SIZE (16 * 1024)
/**
* Page returned for file-not-found.
*/
#define FILE_NOT_FOUND_PAGE "<html><head><title>File not found</title></head><body>File not found</body></html>"
/**
* Page returned for internal errors.
*/
#define INTERNAL_ERROR_PAGE "<html><head><title>Internal error</title></head><body>Internal error</body></html>"
/**
* Page returned for refused requests.
*/
#define REQUEST_REFUSED_PAGE "<html><head><title>Request refused</title></head><body>Request refused (file exists?)</body></html>"
/**
* Head of index page.
*/
#define INDEX_PAGE_HEADER "<html>\n<head><title>Welcome</title></head>\n<body>\n"\
"<h1>Upload</h1>\n"\
"<form method=\"POST\" enctype=\"multipart/form-data\" action=\"/\">\n"\
"<dl><dt>Content type:</dt><dd>"\
"<input type=\"radio\" name=\"category\" value=\"books\">Book</input>"\
"<input type=\"radio\" name=\"category\" value=\"images\">Image</input>"\
"<input type=\"radio\" name=\"category\" value=\"music\">Music</input>"\
"<input type=\"radio\" name=\"category\" value=\"software\">Software</input>"\
"<input type=\"radio\" name=\"category\" value=\"videos\">Videos</input>\n"\
"<input type=\"radio\" name=\"category\" value=\"other\" checked>Other</input></dd>"\
"<dt>Language:</dt><dd>"\
"<input type=\"radio\" name=\"language\" value=\"no-lang\" checked>none</input>"\
"<input type=\"radio\" name=\"language\" value=\"en\">English</input>"\
"<input type=\"radio\" name=\"language\" value=\"de\">German</input>"\
"<input type=\"radio\" name=\"language\" value=\"fr\">French</input>"\
"<input type=\"radio\" name=\"language\" value=\"es\">Spanish</input></dd>\n"\
"<dt>File:</dt><dd>"\
"<input type=\"file\" name=\"upload\"/></dd></dl>"\
"<input type=\"submit\" value=\"Send!\"/>\n"\
"</form>\n"\
"<h1>Download</h1>\n"\
"<ol>\n"
/**
* Footer of index page.
*/
#define INDEX_PAGE_FOOTER "</ol>\n</body>\n</html>"
/**
* NULL-terminated array of supported upload categories. Should match HTML
* in the form.
*/
static const char * const categories[] =
{
"books",
"images",
"music",
"software",
"videos",
"other",
NULL,
};
/**
* Specification of a supported language.
*/
struct Language
{
/**
* Directory name for the language.
*/
const char *dirname;
/**
* Long name for humans.
*/
const char *longname;
};
/**
* NULL-terminated array of supported upload categories. Should match HTML
* in the form.
*/
static const struct Language languages[] =
{
{ "no-lang", "No language specified" },
{ "en", "English" },
{ "de", "German" },
{ "fr", "French" },
{ "es", "Spanish" },
{ NULL, NULL },
};
/**
* Response returned if the requested file does not exist (or is not accessible).
*/
static struct MHD_Response *file_not_found_response;
/**
* Response returned for internal errors.
*/
static struct MHD_Response *internal_error_response;
/**
* Response returned for '/' (GET) to list the contents of the directory and allow upload.
*/
static struct MHD_Response *cached_directory_response;
/**
* Response returned for refused uploads.
*/
static struct MHD_Response *request_refused_response;
/**
* Mutex used when we update the cached directory response object.
*/
static pthread_mutex_t mutex;
/**
* Global handle to MAGIC data.
*/
static magic_t magic;
/**
* Mark the given response as HTML for the brower.
*
* @param response response to mark
*/
static void
mark_as_html (struct MHD_Response *response)
{
(void) MHD_add_response_header (response,
MHD_HTTP_HEADER_CONTENT_TYPE,
"text/html");
}
/**
* Replace the existing 'cached_directory_response' with the
* given response.
*
* @param response new directory response
*/
static void
update_cached_response (struct MHD_Response *response)
{
(void) pthread_mutex_lock (&mutex);
if (NULL != cached_directory_response)
MHD_destroy_response (cached_directory_response);
cached_directory_response = response;
(void) pthread_mutex_unlock (&mutex);
}
/**
* Context keeping the data for the response we're building.
*/
struct ResponseDataContext
{
/**
* Response data string.
*/
char *buf;
/**
* Number of bytes allocated for 'buf'.
*/
size_t buf_len;
/**
* Current position where we append to 'buf'. Must be smaller or equal to 'buf_len'.
*/
size_t off;
};
/**
* Create a listing of the files in 'dirname' in HTML.
*
* @param rdc where to store the list of files
* @param dirname name of the directory to list
* @return MHD_YES on success, MHD_NO on error
*/
static int
list_directory (struct ResponseDataContext *rdc,
const char *dirname)
{
char fullname[PATH_MAX];
struct stat sbuf;
DIR *dir;
struct dirent *de;
if (NULL == (dir = opendir (dirname)))
return MHD_NO;
while (NULL != (de = readdir (dir)))
{
if ('.' == de->d_name[0])
continue;
if (sizeof (fullname) <=
snprintf (fullname, sizeof (fullname),
"%s/%s",
dirname, de->d_name))
continue; /* ugh, file too long? how can this be!? */
if (0 != stat (fullname, &sbuf))
continue; /* ugh, failed to 'stat' */
if (! S_ISREG (sbuf.st_mode))
continue; /* not a regular file, skip */
if (rdc->off + 1024 > rdc->buf_len)
{
void *r;
if ( (2 * rdc->buf_len + 1024) < rdc->buf_len)
break; /* more than SIZE_T _index_ size? Too big for us */
rdc->buf_len = 2 * rdc->buf_len + 1024;
if (NULL == (r = realloc (rdc->buf, rdc->buf_len)))
break; /* out of memory */
rdc->buf = r;
}
rdc->off += snprintf (&rdc->buf[rdc->off],
rdc->buf_len - rdc->off,
"<li><a href=\"/%s\">%s</a></li>\n",
fullname,
de->d_name);
}
(void) closedir (dir);
return MHD_YES;
}
/**
* Re-scan our local directory and re-build the index.
*/
static void
update_directory ()
{
static size_t initial_allocation = 32 * 1024; /* initial size for response buffer */
struct MHD_Response *response;
struct ResponseDataContext rdc;
unsigned int language_idx;
unsigned int category_idx;
const struct Language *language;
const char *category;
char dir_name[128];
struct stat sbuf;
rdc.buf_len = initial_allocation;
if (NULL == (rdc.buf = malloc (rdc.buf_len)))
{
update_cached_response (NULL);
return;
}
rdc.off = snprintf (rdc.buf, rdc.buf_len,
"%s",
INDEX_PAGE_HEADER);
for (language_idx = 0; NULL != languages[language_idx].dirname; language_idx++)
{
language = &languages[language_idx];
if (0 != stat (language->dirname, &sbuf))
continue; /* empty */
/* we ensured always +1k room, filenames are ~256 bytes,
so there is always still enough space for the header
without need for an additional reallocation check. */
rdc.off += snprintf (&rdc.buf[rdc.off], rdc.buf_len - rdc.off,
"<h2>%s</h2>\n",
language->longname);
for (category_idx = 0; NULL != categories[category_idx]; category_idx++)
{
category = categories[category_idx];
snprintf (dir_name, sizeof (dir_name),
"%s/%s",
language->dirname,
category);
if (0 != stat (dir_name, &sbuf))
continue; /* empty */
/* we ensured always +1k room, filenames are ~256 bytes,
so there is always still enough space for the header
without need for an additional reallocation check. */
rdc.off += snprintf (&rdc.buf[rdc.off], rdc.buf_len - rdc.off,
"<h3>%s</h3>\n",
category);
if (MHD_NO == list_directory (&rdc, dir_name))
{
free (rdc.buf);
update_cached_response (NULL);
return;
}
}
}
/* we ensured always +1k room, filenames are ~256 bytes,
so there is always still enough space for the footer
without need for a final reallocation check. */
rdc.off += snprintf (&rdc.buf[rdc.off], rdc.buf_len - rdc.off,
"%s",
INDEX_PAGE_FOOTER);
initial_allocation = rdc.buf_len; /* remember for next time */
response = MHD_create_response_from_buffer (rdc.off,
rdc.buf,
MHD_RESPMEM_MUST_FREE);
mark_as_html (response);
update_cached_response (response);
}
/**
* Context we keep for an upload.
*/
struct UploadContext
{
/**
* Handle where we write the uploaded file to.
*/
int fd;
/**
* Name of the file on disk (used to remove on errors).
*/
char *filename;
/**
* Language for the upload.
*/
char *language;
/**
* Category for the upload.
*/
char *category;
/**
* Post processor we're using to process the upload.
*/
struct MHD_PostProcessor *pp;
/**
* Handle to connection that we're processing the upload for.
*/
struct MHD_Connection *connection;
/**
* Response to generate, NULL to use directory.
*/
struct MHD_Response *response;
};
/**
* Append the 'size' bytes from 'data' to '*ret', adding
* 0-termination. If '*ret' is NULL, allocate an empty string first.
*
* @param ret string to update, NULL or 0-terminated
* @param data data to append
* @param size number of bytes in 'data'
* @return MHD_NO on allocation failure, MHD_YES on success
*/
static int
do_append (char **ret,
const char *data,
size_t size)
{
char *buf;
size_t old_len;
if (NULL == *ret)
old_len = 0;
else
old_len = strlen (*ret);
buf = malloc (old_len + size + 1);
if (NULL == buf)
return MHD_NO;
memcpy (buf, *ret, old_len);
if (NULL != *ret)
free (*ret);
memcpy (&buf[old_len], data, size);
buf[old_len + size] = '\0';
*ret = buf;
return MHD_YES;
}
/**
* Iterator over key-value pairs where the value
* maybe made available in increments and/or may
* not be zero-terminated. Used for processing
* POST data.
*
* @param cls user-specified closure
* @param kind type of the value, always MHD_POSTDATA_KIND when called from MHD
* @param key 0-terminated key for the value
* @param filename name of the uploaded file, NULL if not known
* @param content_type mime-type of the data, NULL if not known
* @param transfer_encoding encoding of the data, NULL if not known
* @param data pointer to size bytes of data at the
* specified offset
* @param off offset of data in the overall value
* @param size number of bytes in data available
* @return MHD_YES to continue iterating,
* MHD_NO to abort the iteration
*/
static int
process_upload_data (void *cls,
enum MHD_ValueKind kind,
const char *key,
const char *filename,
const char *content_type,
const char *transfer_encoding,
const char *data,
uint64_t off,
size_t size)
{
struct UploadContext *uc = cls;
int i;
if (0 == strcmp (key, "category"))
return do_append (&uc->category, data, size);
if (0 == strcmp (key, "language"))
return do_append (&uc->language, data, size);
if (0 != strcmp (key, "upload"))
{
fprintf (stderr,
"Ignoring unexpected form value `%s'\n",
key);
return MHD_YES; /* ignore */
}
if (NULL == filename)
{
fprintf (stderr, "No filename, aborting upload\n");
return MHD_NO; /* no filename, error */
}
if ( (NULL == uc->category) ||
(NULL == uc->language) )
{
fprintf (stderr,
"Missing form data for upload `%s'\n",
filename);
uc->response = request_refused_response;
return MHD_NO;
}
if (-1 == uc->fd)
{
char fn[PATH_MAX];
if ( (NULL != strstr (filename, "..")) ||
(NULL != strchr (filename, '/')) ||
(NULL != strchr (filename, '\\')) )
{
uc->response = request_refused_response;
return MHD_NO;
}
/* create directories -- if they don't exist already */
#ifdef WINDOWS
(void) mkdir (uc->language);
#else
(void) mkdir (uc->language, S_IRWXU);
#endif
snprintf (fn, sizeof (fn),
"%s/%s",
uc->language,
uc->category);
#ifdef WINDOWS
(void) mkdir (fn);
#else
(void) mkdir (fn, S_IRWXU);
#endif
/* open file */
snprintf (fn, sizeof (fn),
"%s/%s/%s",
uc->language,
uc->category,
filename);
for (i=strlen (fn)-1;i>=0;i--)
if (! isprint ((int) fn[i]))
fn[i] = '_';
uc->fd = open (fn,
O_CREAT | O_EXCL
#if O_LARGEFILE
| O_LARGEFILE
#endif
| O_WRONLY,
S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
if (-1 == uc->fd)
{
fprintf (stderr,
"Error opening file `%s' for upload: %s\n",
fn,
strerror (errno));
uc->response = request_refused_response;
return MHD_NO;
}
uc->filename = strdup (fn);
}
if ( (0 != size) &&
(size != write (uc->fd, data, size)) )
{
/* write failed; likely: disk full */
fprintf (stderr,
"Error writing to file `%s': %s\n",
uc->filename,
strerror (errno));
uc->response = internal_error_response;
close (uc->fd);
uc->fd = -1;
if (NULL != uc->filename)
{
unlink (uc->filename);
free (uc->filename);
uc->filename = NULL;
}
return MHD_NO;
}
return MHD_YES;
}
/**
* Function called whenever a request was completed.
* Used to clean up 'struct UploadContext' objects.
*
* @param cls client-defined closure, NULL
* @param connection connection handle
* @param con_cls value as set by the last call to
* the MHD_AccessHandlerCallback, points to NULL if this was
* not an upload
* @param toe reason for request termination
*/
static void
response_completed_callback (void *cls,
struct MHD_Connection *connection,
void **con_cls,
enum MHD_RequestTerminationCode toe)
{
struct UploadContext *uc = *con_cls;
if (NULL == uc)
return; /* this request wasn't an upload request */
if (NULL != uc->pp)
{
MHD_destroy_post_processor (uc->pp);
uc->pp = NULL;
}
if (-1 != uc->fd)
{
(void) close (uc->fd);
if (NULL != uc->filename)
{
fprintf (stderr,
"Upload of file `%s' failed (incomplete or aborted), removing file.\n",
uc->filename);
(void) unlink (uc->filename);
}
}
if (NULL != uc->filename)
free (uc->filename);
free (uc);
}
/**
* Return the current directory listing.
*
* @param connection connection to return the directory for
* @return MHD_YES on success, MHD_NO on error
*/
static int
return_directory_response (struct MHD_Connection *connection)
{
int ret;
(void) pthread_mutex_lock (&mutex);
if (NULL == cached_directory_response)
ret = MHD_queue_response (connection,
MHD_HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
internal_error_response);
else
ret = MHD_queue_response (connection,
MHD_HTTP_OK,
cached_directory_response);
(void) pthread_mutex_unlock (&mutex);
return ret;
}
/**
* Main callback from MHD, used to generate the page.
*
* @param cls NULL
* @param connection connection handle
* @param url requested URL
* @param method GET, PUT, POST, etc.
* @param version HTTP version
* @param upload_data data from upload (PUT/POST)
* @param upload_data_size number of bytes in "upload_data"
* @param ptr our context
* @return MHD_YES on success, MHD_NO to drop connection
*/
static int
generate_page (void *cls,
struct MHD_Connection *connection,
const char *url,
const char *method,
const char *version,
const char *upload_data,
size_t *upload_data_size, void **ptr)
{
struct MHD_Response *response;
int ret;
int fd;
struct stat buf;
if (0 != strcmp (url, "/"))
{
/* should be file download */
char file_data[MAGIC_HEADER_SIZE];
ssize_t got;
const char *mime;
if (0 != strcmp (method, MHD_HTTP_METHOD_GET))
return MHD_NO; /* unexpected method (we're not polite...) */
if ( (0 == stat (&url[1], &buf)) &&
(NULL == strstr (&url[1], "..")) &&
('/' != url[1]))
fd = open (&url[1], O_RDONLY);
else
fd = -1;
if (-1 == fd)
return MHD_queue_response (connection,
MHD_HTTP_NOT_FOUND,
file_not_found_response);
/* read beginning of the file to determine mime type */
got = read (fd, file_data, sizeof (file_data));
if (-1 != got)
mime = magic_buffer (magic, file_data, got);
else
mime = NULL;
(void) lseek (fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
if (NULL == (response = MHD_create_response_from_fd (buf.st_size,
fd)))
{
/* internal error (i.e. out of memory) */
(void) close (fd);
return MHD_NO;
}
/* add mime type if we had one */
if (NULL != mime)
(void) MHD_add_response_header (response,
MHD_HTTP_HEADER_CONTENT_TYPE,
mime);
ret = MHD_queue_response (connection,
MHD_HTTP_OK,
response);
MHD_destroy_response (response);
return ret;
}
if (0 == strcmp (method, MHD_HTTP_METHOD_POST))
{
/* upload! */
struct UploadContext *uc = *ptr;
if (NULL == uc)
{
if (NULL == (uc = malloc (sizeof (struct UploadContext))))
return MHD_NO; /* out of memory, close connection */
memset (uc, 0, sizeof (struct UploadContext));
uc->fd = -1;
uc->connection = connection;
uc->pp = MHD_create_post_processor (connection,
64 * 1024 /* buffer size */,
&process_upload_data, uc);
if (NULL == uc->pp)
{
/* out of memory, close connection */
free (uc);
return MHD_NO;
}
*ptr = uc;
return MHD_YES;
}
if (0 != *upload_data_size)
{
if (NULL == uc->response)
(void) MHD_post_process (uc->pp,
upload_data,
*upload_data_size);
*upload_data_size = 0;
return MHD_YES;
}
/* end of upload, finish it! */
MHD_destroy_post_processor (uc->pp);
uc->pp = NULL;
if (-1 != uc->fd)
{
close (uc->fd);
uc->fd = -1;
}
if (NULL != uc->response)
{
return MHD_queue_response (connection,
MHD_HTTP_FORBIDDEN,
uc->response);
}
else
{
update_directory ();
return return_directory_response (connection);
}
}
if (0 == strcmp (method, MHD_HTTP_METHOD_GET))
return return_directory_response (connection);
/* unexpected request, refuse */
return MHD_queue_response (connection,
MHD_HTTP_FORBIDDEN,
request_refused_response);
}
static void
catcher (int sig)
{
}
/**
* setup handlers to ignore SIGPIPE.
*/
static void
ignore_sigpipe ()
{
struct sigaction oldsig;
struct sigaction sig;
sig.sa_handler = &catcher;
sigemptyset (&sig.sa_mask);
#ifdef SA_INTERRUPT
sig.sa_flags = SA_INTERRUPT; /* SunOS */
#else
sig.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
#endif
if (0 != sigaction (SIGPIPE, &sig, &oldsig))
fprintf (stderr,
"Failed to install SIGPIPE handler: %s\n", strerror (errno));
}
/**
* Entry point to demo. Note: this HTTP server will make all
* files in the current directory and its subdirectories available
* to anyone. Press ENTER to stop the server once it has started.
*
* @param argc number of arguments in argv
* @param argv first and only argument should be the port number
* @return 0 on success
*/
int
main (int argc, char *const *argv)
{
struct MHD_Daemon *d;
unsigned int port;
if ( (argc != 2) ||
(1 != sscanf (argv[1], "%u", &port)) ||
(UINT16_MAX < port) )
{
fprintf (stderr,
"%s PORT\n", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
ignore_sigpipe ();
magic = magic_open (MAGIC_MIME_TYPE);
(void) magic_load (magic, NULL);
(void) pthread_mutex_init (&mutex, NULL);
file_not_found_response = MHD_create_response_from_buffer (strlen (FILE_NOT_FOUND_PAGE),
(void *) FILE_NOT_FOUND_PAGE,
MHD_RESPMEM_PERSISTENT);
mark_as_html (file_not_found_response);
request_refused_response = MHD_create_response_from_buffer (strlen (REQUEST_REFUSED_PAGE),
(void *) REQUEST_REFUSED_PAGE,
MHD_RESPMEM_PERSISTENT);
mark_as_html (request_refused_response);
internal_error_response = MHD_create_response_from_buffer (strlen (INTERNAL_ERROR_PAGE),
(void *) INTERNAL_ERROR_PAGE,
MHD_RESPMEM_PERSISTENT);
mark_as_html (internal_error_response);
update_directory ();
d = MHD_start_daemon (MHD_USE_SELECT_INTERNALLY,
port,
NULL, NULL,
&generate_page, NULL,
MHD_OPTION_CONNECTION_MEMORY_LIMIT, (size_t) (256 * 1024),
MHD_OPTION_PER_IP_CONNECTION_LIMIT, (unsigned int) (64),
MHD_OPTION_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, (unsigned int) (120 /* seconds */),
MHD_OPTION_THREAD_POOL_SIZE, (unsigned int) NUMBER_OF_THREADS,
MHD_OPTION_NOTIFY_COMPLETED, &response_completed_callback, NULL,
MHD_OPTION_END);
if (NULL == d)
return 1;
fprintf (stderr, "HTTP server running. Press ENTER to stop the server\n");
(void) getc (stdin);
MHD_stop_daemon (d);
MHD_destroy_response (file_not_found_response);
MHD_destroy_response (request_refused_response);
MHD_destroy_response (internal_error_response);
update_cached_response (NULL);
(void) pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex);
magic_close (magic);
return 0;
}
/* end of demo.c */
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