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1msgid ""
2msgstr ""
3"Project-Id-Version: PROJECT VERSION\n"
4"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: EMAIL@ADDRESS\n"
5"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-12-28 20:16+0100\n"
6"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
7"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
8"Language-Team: en <LL@li.org>\n"
9"Language: en\n"
10"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
11"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
12"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
13"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n!=1)\n"
14"Generated-By: Babel 2.3.4\n"
15
16#: about.html.j2:8
17msgid ""
18"GNU maintainer. Network security &amp; privacy researcher. Software "
19"architect."
20msgstr ""
21
22#: about.html.j2:13
23msgid ""
24"Entrepreneur, Investor, Fortune 100 CIO, IT company director in different "
25"industries, …."
26msgstr ""
27
28#: about.html.j2:20
29msgid "Applied cryptography. Contact to W3c &amp; Tor."
30msgstr ""
31
32#: about.html.j2:25
33msgid "Theoretical foundations."
34msgstr ""
35
36#: about.html.j2:30
37msgid "Founder of the GNU project. Ethical guidance and licensing."
38msgstr ""
39
40#: about.html.j2:37
41msgid "PhD Student, TU Munich. Currently teaching."
42msgstr ""
43
44#: about.html.j2:42
45msgid "PhD Student, Inria.."
46msgstr ""
47
48#: about.html.j2:47 about.html.j2:62
49msgid "Software engineer."
50msgstr ""
51
52#: about.html.j2:54
53msgid "Sustainable business development."
54msgstr ""
55
56#: about.html.j2:58
57msgid "Software engineer. Works on libebics."
58msgstr ""
59
60#: about.html.j2:68 about.html.j2:72 about.html.j2:76
61msgid "Translator (Spanish)"
62msgstr ""
63
64#: about.html.j2:82 about.html.j2:86 about.html.j2:90
65msgid "Translator (Italian)"
66msgstr ""
67
68#: about.html.j2:94
69msgid "Translator (German)"
70msgstr ""
71
72#: about.html.j2:100
73msgid "Hardware security module"
74msgstr ""
75
76#: about.html.j2:104
77msgid "Risk management"
78msgstr ""
79
80#: about.html.j2:108
81msgid "PhD student, TU Munich. Currently teaching."
82msgstr ""
83
84#: about.html.j2:114
85msgid "Software engineer. Works on Android wallet."
86msgstr ""
87
88#: architecture.html.j2:6
89msgid "Taler System Architecture"
90msgstr ""
91
92#: bibliography.html.j2:4
93msgid "GNU Taler Bibliography"
94msgstr ""
95
96#: bibliography.html.j2:9 bibliography.html.j2:16 bibliography.html.j2:23
97#: bibliography.html.j2:29
98msgid "by"
99msgstr ""
100
101#: bibliography.html.j2:16 bibliography.html.j2:23 bibliography.html.j2:29
102#: common/footer.j2.inc:30
103msgid "and"
104msgstr ""
105
106#: bibliography.html.j2:30
107msgid "available upon request"
108msgstr ""
109
110#: citizens.html.j2:5
111msgid "Advantages for Citizens"
112msgstr ""
113
114#: citizens.html.j2:9
115msgid ""
116"Taler largely functions like digital cash. You withdraw money from your bank "
117"account into your electronic wallet, and can henceforth spend digital cash. "
118"The electronic wallet can carry multiple currencies."
119msgstr ""
120
121#: citizens.html.j2:25 governments.html.j2:58 index.html.j2:55
122#: merchants.html.j2:41
123msgid "Secure"
124msgstr ""
125
126#: citizens.html.j2:27
127msgid ""
128"Taler uses modern cryptography, ensuring that there is no counterfeit. Your "
129"digital wallet is safer than your physical wallet. At most, you can lose its "
130"contents because your computer or mobile is irreparably damaged or "
131"compromised. Unlike a physical wallet, you can make backups to secure "
132"against data loss."
133msgstr ""
134
135#: citizens.html.j2:37 index.html.j2:83
136msgid "Private"
137msgstr ""
138
139#: citizens.html.j2:39
140msgid ""
141"Your transactions are private, neither the payment service provider nor "
142"merchant needs to learn your identity. There is no need to give out credit "
143"card numbers or other sensitive information. The merchant will only be able "
144"to do exactly the transaction you agreed to."
145msgstr ""
146
147#: citizens.html.j2:50
148msgid "Convenient"
149msgstr ""
150
151#: citizens.html.j2:52
152msgid ""
153"You will be able to withdraw money to replenish the digital coins in your "
154"wallet using your credit card or wire transfers. Afterwards you can pay with "
155"one-click using the Taler wallet, which optionally keeps your transaction "
156"history on your computer."
157msgstr ""
158
159#: citizens.html.j2:61 index.html.j2:41
160msgid "Stable"
161msgstr ""
162
163#: citizens.html.j2:63
164msgid ""
165"Coins in your digital wallet will be of the same denomination as the cash in "
166"your physical wallet. Taler is not a crypto-currency, so you do not have to "
167"worry about cryto-currency related value fluctuations. Banking with Taler is "
168"subject to the usual government protections for financial services."
169msgstr ""
170
171#: citizens.html.j2:79
172msgid "Wallet Browser Extension"
173msgstr ""
174
175#: citizens.html.j2:81
176msgid ""
177"We currently provide a <a href=\"wallet.html\">wallet browser extension</a> "
178"for Chromium, Chrome, Firefox, Opera and Edge. Wallets for mobile phones and "
179"other platforms will be available in the future."
180msgstr ""
181
182#: citizens.html.j2:88
183msgid "Taler Demo"
184msgstr ""
185
186#: citizens.html.j2:90
187msgid ""
188"You can see how Taler works in practice by visiting our <a href=\"https://"
189"demo.taler.net\">demo page</a>."
190msgstr ""
191
192#: citizens.html.j2:103
193msgid "The Taler Wallet for customers"
194msgstr ""
195
196#: citizens.html.j2:105
197msgid "Customers interact with the Taler system using the Taler wallet:"
198msgstr ""
199
200#: citizens.html.j2:110
201msgid ""
202"To <b>withdraw</b> electronic coins, the customer transfers funds from his "
203"bank account to the Taler payment service provider (the exchange). The wire "
204"transfer subject must match a code identifying the customer's wallet. After "
205"the wire transfer is complete, the wallet will automatically withdraw the "
206"coins from the exchange."
207msgstr ""
208
209#: citizens.html.j2:118
210msgid ""
211"To <b>spend</b> electronic coins, a merchant must cause the wallet to "
212"display a proposal for some purchase. The wallet will ask the customer for "
213"one-click confirmation. Payment is then instant. Transaction histories and "
214"digitally signed contracts can be preserved by the wallet."
215msgstr ""
216
217#: citizens.html.j2:125
218msgid ""
219"The customer can use the wallet to <b>review</b> his balance. The wallet can "
220"contain different currencies, and may be shared across devices. Customers "
221"can make backups of the wallet to secure its contents against hardware "
222"failures."
223msgstr ""
224
225#: citizens.html.j2:137 merchants.html.j2:179
226msgid "customer perspective"
227msgstr ""
228
229#: contact.html.j2:6
230msgid "Contact information"
231msgstr ""
232
233#: contact.html.j2:13
234msgid "The mailing list"
235msgstr ""
236
237#: contact.html.j2:15
238msgid ""
239"An archived, public mailing list for GNU Taler is hosted at <a href="
240"\"https://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/taler\">https://lists.gnu.org/"
241"mailman/listinfo/taler</a>. You can send messages to the list at <a href="
242"\"mailto:taler@gnu.org\">taler@gnu.org</a>."
243msgstr ""
244
245#: contact.html.j2:25
246msgid "Contacting individuals"
247msgstr ""
248
249#: contact.html.j2:27
250msgid ""
251"Team members are generally reachable at <tt>LASTNAME@taler.net</tt>. All of "
252"us support receiving GnuPG encrypted e-mails."
253msgstr ""
254
255#: contact.html.j2:36
256msgid "Reporting bugs"
257msgstr ""
258
259#: contact.html.j2:38
260msgid ""
261"We track open feature requests and bugs in our <a href=\"https://gnunet.org/"
262"bugs/\">Bug tracker</a>, which is shared with the GNUnet project. You can "
263"also report bugs or feature requests to the mailing list."
264msgstr ""
265
266#: contact.html.j2:49
267msgid "Executive team"
268msgstr ""
269
270#: contact.html.j2:51
271msgid ""
272"For non-technical commercial requests, please contact <tt>ceo AT taler.net</"
273"tt>."
274msgstr ""
275
276#: copyright.html.j2:6
277msgid "Copyright Assignment"
278msgstr ""
279
280#: copyright.html.j2:8
281msgid ""
282"<p>Contributors to GNU Taler with Git access must sign the <a href=\"/pdf/"
283"copyright.pdf\">copyright assignment</a> to ensure that the <a href="
284"\"https://gnunet.org/git/gnunet-ev.git/tree/gnunet_taler_agreement.tex"
285"\">GNUnet e.V. --- Taler Systems SA agreement on licensing and collaborative "
286"development</a> of the GNUnet and GNU Taler projects is satisfied.</p>"
287msgstr ""
288
289#: copyright.html.j2:17
290msgid ""
291"<p>The agreements ensure that the code will continue to be made available "
292"under free software licenses, but gives developers the freedom to move code "
293"between GNUnet and GNU Taler without worrying about licenses and the company "
294"the ability to dual-license (for example, so that we can distribute via App-"
295"stores that are hostile to free software).</p>"
296msgstr ""
297
298#: copyright.html.j2:25
299msgid ""
300"<p>Minor contributions (basically, anyone without Git access) do not require "
301"copyright assignment. Pseudonymous contributions are accepted, in this case "
302"simply sign the agreement with your pseudonym. Scanned copies are "
303"sufficient, but snail mail is preferred.</p>"
304msgstr ""
305
306#: developers.html.j2:5
307msgid "Taler for developers"
308msgstr ""
309
310#: developers.html.j2:12 merchants.html.j2:58
311msgid "Free"
312msgstr ""
313
314#: developers.html.j2:15
315msgid ""
316"GNU Taler is free software implementing an open protocol. Anybody is welcome "
317"to integrate our reference implementation into their applications. Different "
318"components of Taler are being made available under different licenses. The "
319"Affero GPLv3+ is used for the exchange, the LGPLv3+ is used for reference "
320"code demonstrating integration with merchant platforms, and licenses like "
321"GPLv3+ are used for wallets and related customer-facing software. We are "
322"open for constructive suggestions for maximizing the adoption of this "
323"payment platform."
324msgstr ""
325
326#: developers.html.j2:32
327msgid "RESTful"
328msgstr ""
329
330#: developers.html.j2:35
331msgid ""
332"Taler is designed to work on the Internet. To ensure that Taler payments can "
333"work with restrictive network setups, Taler uses a RESTful protocol over "
334"HTTP or HTTPS. Taler's security does not depend upon the use of HTTPS, but "
335"obviously merchants may choose to offer HTTPS for consistency and because it "
336"generally is better for privacy compared to HTTP. Taler uses JSON to encode "
337"structure data, making it easy to integrate Taler with existing Web "
338"applications. Taler's protocol is documented in detail at <a href=\"https://"
339"docs.taler.net/\">docs.taler.net</a>."
340msgstr ""
341
342#: developers.html.j2:58
343msgid "Code"
344msgstr ""
345
346#: developers.html.j2:61
347msgid ""
348"Taler is currently primarily developed by a research team at <a href="
349"\"http://www.inria.fr/\">Inria</a> and <a href=\"https://gnunet.org/"
350"\">GNUnet</a>. However, contributions from anyone are welcome. Our Git "
351"repositories can be cloned using the Git and HTTP access methods against "
352"<tt>git.taler.net</tt> with the name of the respective repository. A list of "
353"repositories can be found in our <a href=\"https://git.taler.net/\">GitWeb</"
354"a>."
355msgstr ""
356
357#: developers.html.j2:75
358msgid "Documentation"
359msgstr ""
360
361#: developers.html.j2:78
362msgid ""
363"In addition to this website, the <a href=\"https://git.taler.net/"
364"\">documented code</a> and the <a href=\"https://docs.taler.net/\">API "
365"documentation</a>. Technical papers can be found in our <a href="
366"\"bibliography.html\">bibliography</a>."
367msgstr ""
368
369#: developers.html.j2:88
370msgid "Discussion"
371msgstr ""
372
373#: developers.html.j2:91
374msgid ""
375"We have a mailing list for developer discussions. You can subscribe to or "
376"read the list archive at <a href=\"http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/"
377"taler\">http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/taler</a>."
378msgstr ""
379
380#: developers.html.j2:101
381msgid "Regression Testing"
382msgstr ""
383
384#: developers.html.j2:104
385msgid ""
386"We have <a href=\"https://buildbot.net/\">Buildbot</a> automation tests to "
387"detect regressions and check for portability at <a href=\"https://buildbot."
388"taler.net/\">buildbot.taler.net</a>."
389msgstr ""
390
391#: developers.html.j2:113
392msgid "Code Coverage Analysis"
393msgstr ""
394
395#: developers.html.j2:116
396msgid ""
397"We use <a href=\"http://ltp.sourceforge.net/coverage/lcov.php\">LCOV</a> to "
398"analyze the code coverage of our tests, the results are available at <a href="
399"\"https://lcov.taler.net/\">lcov.taler.net</a>."
400msgstr ""
401
402#: developers.html.j2:126
403msgid "Performance Analysis"
404msgstr ""
405
406#: developers.html.j2:129
407msgid ""
408"We use <a href=\"https://gnunet.org/gauger\">Gauger</a> for performance "
409"regression analysis of the exchange backend at <a href=\"https://gauger."
410"taler.net/\">gauger.taler.net</a>."
411msgstr ""
412
413#: developers.html.j2:145
414msgid "Taler system overview"
415msgstr ""
416
417#: developers.html.j2:148
418msgid ""
419"The Taler system consists of protocols executed among a number of actors as "
420"illustrated in the illustration on the right. Typical transactions involve "
421"the following steps:"
422msgstr ""
423
424#: developers.html.j2:155
425msgid "system overview"
426msgstr ""
427
428#: developers.html.j2:158
429msgid ""
430"A customer instructs his <b>bank</b> to transfer funds from his account to "
431"the Taler exchange (top left). In the subject of the transaction, he "
432"includes an authentication token from his electronic <b>wallet</b>. In Taler "
433"terminology, the customer creates a reserve at the exchange."
434msgstr ""
435
436#: developers.html.j2:170
437msgid ""
438"Once the exchange has received the wire transfer, it allows the customer's "
439"electronic wallet to <b>withdraw</b> electronic coins. The electronic coins "
440"are digital representations of the original currency from the transfer. It "
441"is important to note that the exchange does not learn the &quot;serial "
442"numbers&quot; of the coins created in this process, so it cannot tell later "
443"which customer purchased what at which merchant. The use of Taler does not "
444"change the currency or the total value of the funds (except for fees which "
445"the exchange may charge for the service)."
446msgstr ""
447
448#: developers.html.j2:188
449msgid ""
450"Once the customer has the digital coins in his wallet, the wallet can be "
451"used to <b>spend</b> the coins with merchant portals that support the Taler "
452"payment system and accept the respective exchange as a business partner "
453"(bottom arrow). This creates a digital contract signed by the customer's "
454"coins and the merchant. If necessary, the customer can later use this "
455"digitally signed contract in a court of law to prove the exact terms of the "
456"contract and that he paid the respective amount. The customer does not learn "
457"the banking details of the merchant, and Taler does not require the merchant "
458"to learn the identity of the customer. Naturally, the customer can spend any "
459"fraction of his digital coins (the system takes care of customers getting "
460"change)."
461msgstr ""
462
463#: developers.html.j2:210
464msgid ""
465"Merchants receiving digital coins <b>deposit</b> the respective claims that "
466"resulted from the contract signing with the customer at the exchange to "
467"redeem the coins. The deposit step does not reveal the details of the "
468"contract between the customer and the merchant or the identity of the "
469"customer to the exchange in any way. However, the exchange does learn the "
470"identity of the merchant via the provided bank routing information. The "
471"merchant can, for example when compelled by the state for taxation, provide "
472"information linking the individual deposit to the respective contract signed "
473"by the customer. Thus, the exchange's database allows the state to enforce "
474"that merchants pay applicable taxes (and do not engage in illegal contracts)."
475msgstr ""
476
477#: developers.html.j2:233
478msgid ""
479"Finally, the exchange transfers funds corresponding to the digital coins "
480"redeemed by the merchants to the merchant's <b>bank</b> account. The "
481"exchange may combine multiple small transactions into one larger bank "
482"transfer. The merchant can query the exchange about the relationship between "
483"the bank transfers and the individual claims that were deposited."
484msgstr ""
485
486#: developers.html.j2:247
487msgid ""
488"Most importantly, the exchange keeps cryptographic proofs that allow it to "
489"demonstrate that it is operating correctly to third parties. The system "
490"requires an external <b>auditor</b>, such as a government-appointed "
491"financial regulatory body, to frequently verify the exchange's databases and "
492"check that its bank balance matches the total value of the remaining coins "
493"in circulation."
494msgstr ""
495
496#: developers.html.j2:262
497msgid ""
498"Without the auditor, the exchange operators could embezzle funds they are "
499"holding in reserve. Customers and merchants cannot cheat each other or the "
500"exchange. If any party's computers are compromised, the financial damage is "
501"limited to the respective party and proportional to the funds they have in "
502"circulation during the period of the compromise."
503msgstr ""
504
505#: faq.html.j2:5
506msgid "How is Taler related to Bitcoin or Blockchains?"
507msgstr ""
508
509#: faq.html.j2:6
510msgid ""
511"<p>Taler does not use any Blockchain technology or Bitcoin directly. Taler "
512"is not based on proof-of-work or any other distributed consensus mechanism. "
513"Instead Taler is based on blind signatures.</p>"
514msgstr ""
515
516#: faq.html.j2:11
517msgid ""
518"<p>It would be possible, however, to withdraw coins denominated in Bitcoin "
519"into a Taler wallet (with an appropriate exchange), which would give some "
520"benefits over plain Bitcoin, such as instant confirmation times.</p>"
521msgstr ""
522
523#: faq.html.j2:18
524msgid "Where is the balance in my wallet stored?"
525msgstr ""
526
527#: faq.html.j2:19
528msgid ""
529"<p>Your wallet stores digital coins and thus ultimately your computer holds "
530"your balance. The exchange keeps funds matching all unspent coins in an "
531"escrow bank account.</p>"
532msgstr ""
533
534#: faq.html.j2:25
535msgid "What if my wallet is lost?"
536msgstr ""
537
538#: faq.html.j2:26
539msgid ""
540"<p>Since the digital coins of value in your wallet are anonymized, the "
541"exchange can not assist you in recovering a lost or stolen wallet. Just like "
542"with a physical wallet for cash, you are responsible for keeping it safe.</p>"
543msgstr ""
544
545#: faq.html.j2:32
546msgid ""
547"<p>The risk of losing a wallet can be mitigated by making backups or keeping "
548"the balance reasonably low.</p>"
549msgstr ""
550
551#: faq.html.j2:37
552msgid "What if my computer is hacked?"
553msgstr ""
554
555#: faq.html.j2:38
556msgid ""
557"<p>In case of a compromise of one of your devices, an attacker can spend "
558"coins from your wallet. Checking your balance might reveal to you that your "
559"device has been compromised.</p>"
560msgstr ""
561
562#: faq.html.j2:44
563msgid "Can I send money to my friend with Taler?"
564msgstr ""
565
566#: faq.html.j2:45
567msgid ""
568"<p>If your friend provides goods or services for you in exchange for a "
569"payment, they can easily set up a Taler merchant and receive the payment in "
570"their bank account.</p>"
571msgstr ""
572
573#: faq.html.j2:50
574msgid ""
575"<p>Future versions of the Taler wallet may allow exchanging coins among "
576"friends directly as well.</p>"
577msgstr ""
578
579#: faq.html.j2:56
580msgid "How does Taler handle payments in different currencies?"
581msgstr ""
582
583#: faq.html.j2:57
584msgid ""
585"<p>Taler wallets can store digital coins corresponding to multiple different "
586"currencies such as the Euro, US Dollars or Bitcoins.</p>"
587msgstr ""
588
589#: faq.html.j2:61
590msgid "<p>Taler currently does not offer conversion between currencies.</p>"
591msgstr ""
592
593#: faq.html.j2:65
594msgid "How does Taler protect my privacy?"
595msgstr ""
596
597#: faq.html.j2:66
598msgid ""
599"<p>Your wallet stores digital coins that are <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia."
600"org/wiki/Blind_signature\">blindly signed</a> by an exchange. The use of a "
601"blind signature protects your privacy as it prevents the exchange from "
602"knowing which coin it signed for which customer.</p>"
603msgstr ""
604
605#: financial-news.html.j2:6
606msgid "Financial News"
607msgstr ""
608
609#: financial-news.html.j2:9
610msgid ""
611"This page explains (only in English) how Taler can change ongoing "
612"developments in the financial industry."
613msgstr ""
614
615#: glossary.html.j2:6
616msgid "auditor"
617msgstr ""
618
619#: glossary.html.j2:8
620msgid ""
621"trusted third party that verifies that the `exchange` is operating correctly"
622msgstr ""
623
624#: glossary.html.j2:12
625msgid "bank"
626msgstr ""
627
628#: glossary.html.j2:14
629msgid ""
630"traditional financial service provider who offers wire `transfers` between "
631"accounts"
632msgstr ""
633
634#: glossary.html.j2:18
635msgid "coin"
636msgstr ""
637
638#: glossary.html.j2:20
639msgid ""
640"coins are individual token representing a certain amount of value, also "
641"known as the `denomination` of the coin"
642msgstr ""
643
644#: glossary.html.j2:24
645msgid "contract"
646msgstr ""
647
648#: glossary.html.j2:26
649msgid "the proposal signed by the wallet."
650msgstr ""
651
652#: glossary.html.j2:30
653msgid "denomination"
654msgstr ""
655
656#: glossary.html.j2:32
657msgid ""
658"unit of currency, specifies both the currency and the face value of a `coin`"
659msgstr ""
660
661#: glossary.html.j2:36
662msgid "denomination key"
663msgstr ""
664
665#: glossary.html.j2:38
666msgid ""
667"RSA key used by the exchange to certify that a given `coin` is valid and of "
668"a particular `denomination`"
669msgstr ""
670
671#: glossary.html.j2:42
672msgid "deposit"
673msgstr ""
674
675#: glossary.html.j2:44
676msgid ""
677"operation by which a merchant passes coins to an exchange, expecting the "
678"exchange to credit his `bank` account in the future using a wire `transfer`"
679msgstr ""
680
681#: glossary.html.j2:48
682msgid "dirty"
683msgstr ""
684
685#: glossary.html.j2:50
686msgid ""
687"a `coin` is dirty if its public key may be known to an entity other than the "
688"customer, thereby creating the danger of some entity being able to link "
689"multiple transactions of coin's owner if the coin is not refreshed first"
690msgstr ""
691
692#: glossary.html.j2:54
693msgid "exchange"
694msgstr ""
695
696#: glossary.html.j2:56
697msgid ""
698"Taler's payment service provider. Issues eletronic `coins` during "
699"`withdrawal` and redeems them when they are `deposited` by merchants."
700msgstr ""
701
702#: glossary.html.j2:60
703msgid "extension"
704msgstr ""
705
706#: glossary.html.j2:62
707msgid "implementation of a `wallet` for browsers"
708msgstr ""
709
710#: glossary.html.j2:66
711msgid "fresh coin"
712msgstr ""
713
714#: glossary.html.j2:68
715msgid "a `coin` is fresh if its public key is only known to the customer"
716msgstr ""
717
718#: glossary.html.j2:72
719msgid "master key"
720msgstr ""
721
722#: glossary.html.j2:74
723msgid ""
724"offline key used by the exchange to certify denomination keys and message "
725"signing keys"
726msgstr ""
727
728#: glossary.html.j2:78
729msgid "message signing key"
730msgstr ""
731
732#: glossary.html.j2:80
733msgid "key used by the exchange to sign online messages, other than coins"
734msgstr ""
735
736#: glossary.html.j2:84
737msgid "offer"
738msgstr ""
739
740#: glossary.html.j2:86
741msgid ""
742"specification of the details of a transaction, specifies the payment "
743"obligations for the customer (i.e. the amount), the deliverables of the "
744"merchant and other related information, such as deadlines or locations; "
745"However, it lacks some information that the backend is supposed to provide. "
746"In other words, after the backend adds the missing information to the offer "
747"and signs it, it becomes a proposal."
748msgstr ""
749
750#: glossary.html.j2:95
751msgid "owner"
752msgstr ""
753
754#: glossary.html.j2:97
755msgid "a `coin` is owned by the entity that knows the private key of the coin"
756msgstr ""
757
758#: glossary.html.j2:101
759msgid "proof"
760msgstr ""
761
762#: glossary.html.j2:103
763msgid ""
764"message that cryptographically demonstrates that a particular claim is "
765"correct"
766msgstr ""
767
768#: glossary.html.j2:107
769msgid "proposal"
770msgstr ""
771
772#: glossary.html.j2:109
773msgid "a sketch that has been completed and signed by the merchant backend."
774msgstr ""
775
776#: glossary.html.j2:113
777msgid "reserve"
778msgstr ""
779
780#: glossary.html.j2:115
781msgid ""
782"funds set aside for future use; either the balance of a customer at the "
783"exchange ready for `withdrawal`, or the funds kept in the exchange's bank "
784"account to cover obligations from coins in circulation"
785msgstr ""
786
787#: glossary.html.j2:119
788msgid "refreshing"
789msgstr ""
790
791#: glossary.html.j2:121
792msgid ""
793"operation by which a `dirty` `coin` is converted into one or more `fresh` "
794"coins"
795msgstr ""
796
797#: glossary.html.j2:125
798msgid "refund"
799msgstr ""
800
801#: glossary.html.j2:127
802msgid ""
803"operation by which a merchant steps back from the right to funds that he "
804"obtained from a `deposit` operation, giving the right to the funds back to "
805"the customer"
806msgstr ""
807
808#: glossary.html.j2:131
809msgid "sharing"
810msgstr ""
811
812#: glossary.html.j2:133
813msgid ""
814"users can share ownership of a `coin` by sharing access to the coin's "
815"private key, thereby allowing all co-owners to spend the coin at any time."
816msgstr ""
817
818#: glossary.html.j2:137
819msgid "signing key"
820msgstr ""
821
822#: glossary.html.j2:139
823msgid "see message signing key."
824msgstr ""
825
826#: glossary.html.j2:143
827msgid "spending"
828msgstr ""
829
830#: glossary.html.j2:145
831msgid ""
832"operation by which a customer gives a merchant the right to `deposit` coins "
833"in return for merchandise"
834msgstr ""
835
836#: glossary.html.j2:149
837msgid "transfer"
838msgstr ""
839
840#: glossary.html.j2:151
841msgid "method of sending funds between `bank` accounts"
842msgstr ""
843
844#: glossary.html.j2:155
845msgid "transaction"
846msgstr ""
847
848#: glossary.html.j2:157
849msgid ""
850"method by which ownership is exclusively transferred from one entity to "
851"another"
852msgstr ""
853
854#: glossary.html.j2:161
855msgid "transaction id"
856msgstr ""
857
858#: glossary.html.j2:163
859msgid "unique number by which a merchant identifies a `transaction`"
860msgstr ""
861
862#: glossary.html.j2:167
863msgid "wallet"
864msgstr ""
865
866#: glossary.html.j2:169
867msgid ""
868"software running on a customer's computer; withdraws, stores and spends coins"
869msgstr ""
870
871#: glossary.html.j2:173
872msgid "wire transfer"
873msgstr ""
874
875#: glossary.html.j2:175
876msgid "see `transfer`"
877msgstr ""
878
879#: glossary.html.j2:179
880msgid "wire transfer identifier"
881msgstr ""
882
883#: glossary.html.j2:181
884msgid ""
885"subject of a wire `transfer`; usually a random string to uniquely identify "
886"the `transfer`"
887msgstr ""
888
889#: glossary.html.j2:185
890msgid "withdrawal"
891msgstr ""
892
893#: glossary.html.j2:187
894msgid ""
895"operation by which a `wallet` can convert funds from a reserve to fresh coins"
896msgstr ""
897
898#: governments.html.j2:6
899msgid "Advantages for Governments"
900msgstr ""
901
902#: governments.html.j2:8
903msgid ""
904"Taler provides accountability to ensure business operate legally, while also "
905"respecting civil liberties of citizens. Taler is a payment system based on "
906"open standards and free software. Taler needs governments as they set a "
907"financial framework and act as trusted regulators. Taler contributes to "
908"digital sovereignty in the critical financial infrastructure."
909msgstr ""
910
911#: governments.html.j2:25 index.html.j2:70
912msgid "Taxable"
913msgstr ""
914
915#: governments.html.j2:28
916msgid ""
917"Taler was built with the goal of fighting corruption and supporting "
918"taxation. With Taler, the receiver of any form of payment is easily "
919"identified by the government, and the merchant can be compelled to provide "
920"the contract that was accepted by the customer. Governments can use this "
921"data to tax businesses and individuals based on their income, making tax "
922"evasion and black markets less viable."
923msgstr ""
924
925#: governments.html.j2:41
926msgid ""
927"Thus, despite offering anonymity for citizens spending digital cash to buy "
928"goods and services, Taler also ensures that the state can observe incoming "
929"funds. This can be used to ensure businesses engage only in legal "
930"activities, and do not evade income tax, sales tax or value-added tax. "
931"However, this observational capability does not extend to the immediate "
932"personal domain. In particular, monitoring does not cover shared access to "
933"funds with trusted friends and family, or synchronizing wallets across "
934"multiple devices."
935msgstr ""
936
937#: governments.html.j2:61
938msgid ""
939"Taler's payments are cryptographically secured. Thus, customers, merchants "
940"and the Taler payment service provider (the exchange) can mathematically "
941"demonstrate their lawful behavior in court in case of disputes. Financial "
942"damages are strictly limited, improving economic security for individuals, "
943"merchants, the exchange and the state."
944msgstr ""
945
946#: governments.html.j2:73
947msgid ""
948"As a payment service provider, the Taler exchange is subject to financial "
949"regulation. Financial regulation and regular audits are critical to "
950"establish trust. In particular, the Taler design mandates the existence of "
951"an independent auditor who checks cryptographic proofs that accumulate at "
952"the exchange to ensure that the escrow account is managed honestly. This "
953"ensures that the exchange does not threaten the economy due to fraud."
954msgstr ""
955
956#: governments.html.j2:88 index.html.j2:96
957msgid "Libre"
958msgstr ""
959
960#: governments.html.j2:91
961msgid ""
962"Taler is free software implementing an open protocol standard. Thus, Taler "
963"will enable competition and avoid the monopolization of payment systems that "
964"threatens global political and financial stability today."
965msgstr ""
966
967#: governments.html.j2:101
968msgid "Efficient"
969msgstr ""
970
971#: governments.html.j2:104
972msgid ""
973"Taler has an efficient design. Unlike Blockchain-based payment systems, such "
974"as Bitcoin, Taler will not threaten the availability of national electric "
975"grids or (significantly) contribute to environmental pollution."
976msgstr ""
977
978#: governments.html.j2:120
979msgid "Taler and regulation"
980msgstr ""
981
982#: governments.html.j2:122
983msgid "Anti money laundering (AML)"
984msgstr ""
985
986#: governments.html.j2:123
987msgid ""
988"With Taler, income is visible and can be tied to the contract signed by both "
989"parties."
990msgstr ""
991
992#: governments.html.j2:124
993msgid "Know your customer (KYC)"
994msgstr ""
995
996#: governments.html.j2:125
997msgid ""
998"In Taler, payer and payee are known by their bank accounts when withdrawing "
999"or depositing coins respectively"
1000msgstr ""
1001
1002#: governments.html.j2:126
1003msgid "General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)"
1004msgstr ""
1005
1006#: governments.html.j2:127
1007msgid ""
1008"Taler cryptographically protects citizen's privacy, and by design implements "
1009"data minimization and privacy by default."
1010msgstr ""
1011
1012#: governments.html.j2:128
1013msgid "Payment Services Directive (PSD2)"
1014msgstr ""
1015
1016#: governments.html.j2:129
1017msgid ""
1018"Taler provides an open standard with public APIs contributing to a "
1019"competitive banking sector."
1020msgstr ""
1021
1022#: governments.html.j2:137
1023msgid "Taler provides privacy and accountability"
1024msgstr ""
1025
1026#: governments.html.j2:140
1027msgid ""
1028"Taler assumes governments can observe traditional wire transfers entering "
1029"and leaving the Taler payment system. Starting with the wire transfers, "
1030"governments can obtain:"
1031msgstr ""
1032
1033#: governments.html.j2:148
1034msgid ""
1035"The total amount of digital currency withdrawn by a customer. The government "
1036"can impose limits on how much digital cash a customer can withdraw within a "
1037"given time frame."
1038msgstr ""
1039
1040#: governments.html.j2:157
1041msgid "The income received by any merchant via the Taler system."
1042msgstr ""
1043
1044#: governments.html.j2:164
1045msgid ""
1046"The exact details of the underlying contract that was signed between "
1047"customer and merchant. However, this information would typically not include "
1048"the identity of the customer."
1049msgstr ""
1050
1051#: governments.html.j2:174
1052msgid ""
1053"The amounts of digital coins legitimately withdrawn by customers from the "
1054"exchange, the value of non-redeemed digital coins in customer's wallets, the "
1055"value and corresponding wire details of deposit operations performed by "
1056"merchants with the exchange, and the income of the exchange from transaction "
1057"fees."
1058msgstr ""
1059
1060#: index.html.j2:6
1061msgid "GNU Taler logo"
1062msgstr ""
1063
1064#: index.html.j2:10
1065msgid "One-Click Cash Payments!"
1066msgstr ""
1067
1068#: index.html.j2:13
1069msgid ""
1070"GNU Taler is an electronic payment system under development at <a href="
1071"\"http://www.inria.fr/\">Inria</a>. We expect to make it operational in "
1072"2017. You can learn about Taler on this website, try the <a href=\"https://"
1073"demo.taler.net\">demo</a> and look at our <a href=\"https://docs.taler.net"
1074"\">documentation</a>."
1075msgstr ""
1076
1077#: index.html.j2:28
1078msgid "Practical"
1079msgstr ""
1080
1081#: index.html.j2:31
1082msgid ""
1083"Taler is easy to integrate with existing Web applications. Payments are "
1084"cryptographically secured and are confirmed within milliseconds with "
1085"extremely low transaction costs."
1086msgstr ""
1087
1088#: index.html.j2:44
1089msgid ""
1090"Taler does not introduce a new currency. Taler uses a digital wallet storing "
1091"coins and payment service providers with escrow accounts in existing "
1092"currencies. Thus, Taler's cryptographic coins correspond to existing "
1093"currencies, such as US Dollars, Euros or even Bitcoins."
1094msgstr ""
1095
1096#: index.html.j2:58
1097msgid ""
1098"By design Taler does not suffer from many classes of security problems such "
1099"as phishing or counterfeit. Thanks to its security features, Taler never "
1100"rejects a legitimate customer due to a fraud-detection false positive."
1101msgstr ""
1102
1103#: index.html.j2:73
1104msgid ""
1105"When using Taler, merchant's revenue is transparent for tax collection "
1106"authorities. Unlike cash and most digital currencies, Taler helps prevent "
1107"black markets. Taler is not suitable for illegal activities."
1108msgstr ""
1109
1110#: index.html.j2:85
1111msgid ""
1112"When you pay with Taler, your identity does not have to be revealed. Just "
1113"like payments in cash, nobody else can track how you spent your electronic "
1114"money. However, you obtain a legally valid proof of payment."
1115msgstr ""
1116
1117#: index.html.j2:99
1118msgid ""
1119"Taler provides protocols and reference implementations that in principle "
1120"enables anybody to run their own payment infrastructure, be it individuals, "
1121"organizations or whole countries. Since the reference implementation is a <a "
1122"href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\">GNU</a> package, it will always remain free "
1123"software."
1124msgstr ""
1125
1126#: index.html.j2:116
1127msgid "Paying with Taler"
1128msgstr ""
1129
1130#: index.html.j2:117
1131msgid ""
1132"<p>To pay with Taler, customers install an electronic wallet on their "
1133"device. Before the first payment, the desired currency must be added to the "
1134"wallet's balance by some other means of payment.</p> <p>Once the wallet is "
1135"charged, payments on websites take only one click, are never falsely "
1136"rejected by fraud detection and do not pose any risk of phishing or identity "
1137"theft.</p>"
1138msgstr ""
1139
1140#: index.html.j2:128
1141msgid "Receiving payments with Taler"
1142msgstr ""
1143
1144#: index.html.j2:129
1145msgid ""
1146"<p>To receive Taler payments, a merchant needs a bank account in the desired "
1147"currency. We provide supporting software in various programming languages to "
1148"make the integration painless. The merchant's backend for Taler transaction "
1149"processing can run on the merchant's premises or be hosted by a third party."
1150"</p>"
1151msgstr ""
1152
1153#: index.html.j2:145
1154msgid "Taler News"
1155msgstr ""
1156
1157#: investors.html.j2:6
1158msgid "Invest in Taler!"
1159msgstr ""
1160
1161#: investors.html.j2:9
1162msgid ""
1163"We have created a company, Taler Systems SA in Luxembourg.<br> Please "
1164"contact <tt>invest@taler.net</tt> if you want to invest in Taler."
1165msgstr ""
1166
1167#: investors.html.j2:24
1168msgid "The Team"
1169msgstr ""
1170
1171#: investors.html.j2:27
1172msgid ""
1173"Our <a href=\"about.html\">team</a> combines world-class business leaders, "
1174"cryptographers, software engineers, civil-rights activists and academics. We "
1175"are unified by a vision of how payments should work and the goal of imposing "
1176"this vision upon the world."
1177msgstr ""
1178
1179#: investors.html.j2:37
1180msgid ""
1181"We are currently supported by <a href=\"http://www.inria.fr/\">Inria</a>, "
1182"the French national institute for research in informatics and automation, "
1183"and the <a href=\"https://renewablefreedom.org/\">Renewable Freedom "
1184"Foundation</a>."
1185msgstr ""
1186
1187#: investors.html.j2:45
1188msgid "The Technology"
1189msgstr ""
1190
1191#: investors.html.j2:48
1192msgid ""
1193"All transactions in Taler are secured using <a href=\"bibliography.html"
1194"\">modern cryptography</a> and trust in all parties is minimized. Financial "
1195"damage is bounded (for customers, merchants and the exchange) even in the "
1196"case that systems are compromised and private keys are stolen. Databases can "
1197"be audited for consistency, resulting in either the detection of compromised "
1198"systems or the demonstration that participants were honest. Actual "
1199"transaction costs are fractions of a cent."
1200msgstr ""
1201
1202#: investors.html.j2:63
1203msgid "The Business"
1204msgstr ""
1205
1206#: investors.html.j2:66
1207msgid ""
1208"The scalable business model for Taler is the operation of the payment "
1209"service provider, which converts money from traditional payment systems "
1210"(MasterCard, SEPA, UPI, Visa, Bitcoin, ACH, SWIFT, etc.) to anonymous "
1211"electronic coins in the same currency. The customer can then redeem the "
1212"electronic coins at a merchant, who can exchange them for money represented "
1213"using traditional payment systems at the exchange. The exchange charges fees "
1214"to facilitate the transactions."
1215msgstr ""
1216
1217#: investors.html.j2:85
1218msgid "The Business Case"
1219msgstr ""
1220
1221#: investors.html.j2:88
1222msgid "Download"
1223msgstr ""
1224
1225#: investors.html.j2:91
1226msgid ""
1227"Our <a href=\"financial-news.html\">financial news</a> page explains in "
1228"English how Taler can impact current developments in the global payment "
1229"market."
1230msgstr ""
1231
1232#: investors.html.j2:114
1233msgid "Running a Taler payment service operator"
1234msgstr ""
1235
1236#: investors.html.j2:117
1237msgid ""
1238"The payment service operator runs the <em>Taler exchange</em>. The exchange "
1239"charges <b>transaction fees</b> to customers or merchants. Its operational "
1240"expenses are from wire transfers with the banking system and the operation "
1241"of the computing infrastructure."
1242msgstr ""
1243
1244#: investors.html.j2:127
1245msgid ""
1246"Cryptographic operations, bandwidth and storage costs are less than 0.01 "
1247"cent per transaction."
1248msgstr ""
1249
1250#: investors.html.j2:129
1251msgid ""
1252"Multiple Taler transactions can be aggregated into larger wire transfers to "
1253"merchants to minimize wire transfer costs."
1254msgstr ""
1255
1256#: investors.html.j2:131
1257msgid ""
1258"Protocol allows the exchange to charge fees for any expensive operation "
1259"(withdraw, deposit, refresh, refund or aggregated wire transfers)."
1260msgstr ""
1261
1262#: investors.html.j2:133
1263msgid "Partnership with banks establishes consumer trust."
1264msgstr ""
1265
1266#: investors.html.j2:135
1267msgid "Partnership with free software community enables rapid deployment."
1268msgstr ""
1269
1270#: merchants.html.j2:5
1271msgid "Advantages for Merchants"
1272msgstr ""
1273
1274#: merchants.html.j2:8
1275msgid ""
1276"Taler is a cost-effective electronic payment system which provides you with "
1277"cryptographic proof that the payment worked correctly within milliseconds. "
1278"Your Web customers pay with previously unknown levels of convenience without "
1279"risk of fraud."
1280msgstr ""
1281
1282#: merchants.html.j2:22
1283msgid "Fast"
1284msgstr ""
1285
1286#: merchants.html.j2:25
1287msgid ""
1288"Processing transactions with Taler is fast, allowing you to confirm the "
1289"transaction with your customer virtually immediately. Your customers will "
1290"appreciate that they do not have to type in credit card information and play "
1291"the &quot;verified by&quot; game. By making payments significantly more "
1292"convenient for your customers, you may be able to use Taler for small "
1293"transactions that would not work with credit card payments due to the mental "
1294"overhead for customers."
1295msgstr ""
1296
1297#: merchants.html.j2:44
1298msgid ""
1299"You will have cryptographic proof of payment from the Taler payment service "
1300"provider. With Taler you never handle sensitive customer account information "
1301"and thus do not have to undergo any particular security audits (such as PCI "
1302"DSS). Your systems will have customer contracts with qualified signatures "
1303"for all transactions which you can use in court in case of disputes."
1304msgstr ""
1305
1306#: merchants.html.j2:61
1307msgid ""
1308"Taler is free software, and you can use the liberally-licensed reference "
1309"code as a starting point to integrate Taler into your services. To use "
1310"Taler, you do not need to pay license fees, and the free software "
1311"development model will ensure that you can select from many competing "
1312"integrators for support."
1313msgstr ""
1314
1315#: merchants.html.j2:76
1316msgid "Cheap"
1317msgstr ""
1318
1319#: merchants.html.j2:79
1320msgid ""
1321"Taler is uses efficient cryptographic constructions with low bandwidth and "
1322"storage requirements. Combined with Taler's strong security which makes "
1323"fraud impossible, Taler payment service providers can operate with very low "
1324"overhead and thus offer low transaction fees."
1325msgstr ""
1326
1327#: merchants.html.j2:89
1328msgid "Flexible"
1329msgstr ""
1330
1331#: merchants.html.j2:92
1332msgid ""
1333"Taler can be used for different currencies (such as Euros, US Dollars or "
1334"Bitcoins) and any amount, limited only by applicable regulatation and what "
1335"denominations the payment service provider supports."
1336msgstr ""
1337
1338#: merchants.html.j2:101
1339msgid "Ethical"
1340msgstr ""
1341
1342#: merchants.html.j2:104
1343msgid ""
1344"Taler prevents tax evasion and money laundering. Taler's protocols are "
1345"efficient and do not use wasteful proof-of-work calculations. Taler "
1346"encourages transparency by providing an open standard and free software "
1347"reference implementations."
1348msgstr ""
1349
1350#: merchants.html.j2:119
1351msgid "Manuals for merchants"
1352msgstr ""
1353
1354#: merchants.html.j2:122
1355msgid "The GNU Taler merchant backend operator manual"
1356msgstr ""
1357
1358#: merchants.html.j2:125
1359msgid "The GNU Taler Web shop integration tutorial (PHP)"
1360msgstr ""
1361
1362#: merchants.html.j2:128
1363msgid "The GNU Taler Web shop integration tutorial (Python)"
1364msgstr ""
1365
1366#: merchants.html.j2:140
1367msgid "The GNU Taler Merchant Backend"
1368msgstr ""
1369
1370#: merchants.html.j2:142
1371msgid "Merchants process payments using the Taler backend:"
1372msgstr ""
1373
1374#: merchants.html.j2:147
1375msgid ""
1376"The backend <b>signs</b> and <b>stores</b> the complete terms of offers made "
1377"by the merchant to customers. For this, the merchant's frontend needs to "
1378"give the customer's order in a JSON format to the backend."
1379msgstr ""
1380
1381#: merchants.html.j2:156
1382msgid ""
1383"The backend <b>validates</b> payments received from the wallet and "
1384"<b>executes</b> them with the Taler payment service provider (the exchange). "
1385"For this, the merchant's frontend must pass the payment request through to "
1386"the Taler backend and check the HTTP status code that is returned."
1387msgstr ""
1388
1389#: merchants.html.j2:167
1390msgid ""
1391"The backend can <b>list</b> completed transactions and <b>map</b> wire "
1392"transfers to sets of business transactions, including the exact terms of "
1393"each contract."
1394msgstr ""
1395
1396#: news.html.j2.inc:8
1397msgid "More news"
1398msgstr ""
1399
1400#: old-news.html.j2:6
1401msgid "Older News"
1402msgstr ""
1403
1404#: old-news.html.j2:9
1405msgid "This page documents the GNU Taler history."
1406msgstr ""
1407
1408#: press.html.j2:4
1409msgid "GNU Taler in the Press"
1410msgstr ""
1411
1412#: common/base.j2:5
1413msgid "GNU Taler"
1414msgstr ""
1415
1416#: common/base.j2:6
1417msgid "Taxable Anonymous Libre Electronic Reserves"
1418msgstr ""
1419
1420#: common/footer.j2.inc:7
1421msgid "About"
1422msgstr ""
1423
1424#: common/footer.j2.inc:8
1425msgid "Contact"
1426msgstr ""
1427
1428#: common/footer.j2.inc:9
1429msgid "For Investors"
1430msgstr ""
1431
1432#: common/footer.j2.inc:14 common/navigation.j2.inc:5
1433msgid "Citizens"
1434msgstr ""
1435
1436#: common/footer.j2.inc:15 common/navigation.j2.inc:6
1437msgid "Merchants"
1438msgstr ""
1439
1440#: common/footer.j2.inc:16 common/navigation.j2.inc:7
1441msgid "Governments"
1442msgstr ""
1443
1444#: common/footer.j2.inc:21
1445msgid "Developer Resources"
1446msgstr ""
1447
1448#: common/footer.j2.inc:22 common/navigation.j2.inc:12
1449msgid "FAQ"
1450msgstr ""
1451
1452#: common/footer.j2.inc:23 common/navigation.j2.inc:16
1453msgid "Bibliography"
1454msgstr ""
1455
1456#: common/footer.j2.inc:32
1457msgid ""
1458"This page was created using <a href='https://www.gnu.org/'>Free Software</a> "
1459"only."
1460msgstr ""
1461
1462#: common/navigation.j2.inc:9
1463msgid "Resources"
1464msgstr ""
1465
1466#: common/navigation.j2.inc:11
1467msgid "System Architecture"
1468msgstr ""
1469
1470#: common/navigation.j2.inc:13
1471msgid "Glossary"
1472msgstr ""
1473
1474#: common/navigation.j2.inc:14
1475msgid "Developer Introduction"
1476msgstr ""
1477
1478#: common/navigation.j2.inc:15
1479msgid "Copyright for Contributors"
1480msgstr ""